The manual would have provided specific guidance on using standard-issue weapon systems in confined spaces, addressing muzzle awareness, weapon transitions (e.g., from M4 carbine to M9 pistol), and maximizing the effectiveness of fragmentation grenades without endangering fellow teammates.
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FM 31-28 Special Forces Advanced Urban Combat (SFAUC) dated 1 December 1999 is an Unclassified/For Official Use Only (FOUO) document. The manual covers specialized tactics, including advanced shooting and breaching, and is restricted to authorized military personnel with a "need-to-know". For information regarding authorized access, contact the U.S. Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School (USAJFKSWCS). specialforcestraining.info FOUO UNCLASSIFIBD/FOUO - Public Intelligence The manual would have provided specific guidance on
1 December 1999
The field manual, dated 1 December 1999 , is one of the most historically significant and sought-after documents in modern military doctrine. Originally classified as FOUO (For Official Use Only) , this manual laid the tactical groundwork for elite counter-terrorism and Close Quarters Battle (CQB) methodologies used by the U.S. Army Special Forces (Green Berets) just years before the global war on terror shifted permanently into urban environments. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School (USAJFKSWCS)
Utilizing sewers and utility corridors for covert infiltration or exfiltration.
| Section | Focus | |--------|-------| | | Militias, irregular forces, snipers, booby traps, civilians | | Movement & Breaching | Rooftop travel, mouse-holing, wall/floor breaching | | CQB Techniques | Room clearing, cornering, threshold evaluation | | Snipers & Countersnipers | Urban sniper employment and interdiction | | Hostage/Barricade Ops | Limited coverage (pre-HRB doctrine maturity) | | Indigenous Forces | Training local units for urban defense/cordon ops | low-collateral tactics tailored for hostage rescue
However, U.S. Army Special Forces required a highly surgical, precise approach. The release of FM 31-28 on bridged this gap. It shifted the focus from brute force containment to high-discrimination, low-collateral tactics tailored for hostage rescue, counter-terrorism, and asymmetric urban raids. Core Pillars of Advanced Urban Combat
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