A computer isn’t a mysterious black box. It’s a hierarchy of reliable lies:
Extensively class-tested at TU Eindhoven and suitable for self-study, this book is perhaps the most direct resource that unites all the keywords in your search.
A high-quality PDF on this subject should include:
: The authors bridge the gap between hardware and software by explaining the relationship to assembly programming and how higher-level languages are compiled. The discussion even extends to modern computer organisation, using the Raspberry Pi and its ARM processor as a practical case study.
Insight: understanding compiler behavior helps write code that the compiler can optimize (e.g., avoid aliasing, write predictable loops).
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A guide covering the entire hierarchy of computer systems—from logic gates to processors and compilers—typically follows a "bottom-up" approach to explain how physical hardware executes complex software.